Rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina - 928 Words

Rebuilding after Katrina Hurricane Katrina was one of the most and extraordinary disasters which rocked the part of New Orleans in the United States of America. The disaster left dozens of people dead, rendering thousands of them homeless. The public were shocked after the extreme hurricane because millions of dollars were recorded all as losses given that there was not enough money that for repairing all the damages. Hurricane Katrina had a great negative impact on the public health causing psychological trauma that resulted in a sizeable burden of different diseases. The data collected showed that several people were attacked with a cute stress disorder (ASD) among sheltered evacuees (Zimmermann, 2012). The paper will analyze the sources and impact of power and influence in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina including the impact of power and influence on public administration and public policy. In every government states, there must be set of measures that are taken to achieve the set objectives and public policies are renowned to be the government-driven course of actions. Every stakeholder get satisfied if only there are policies which are made that can integrate their input. The citizens are therefore important when involved in the policy making process and administration to shun conflicts. Failure to do so, the outcome often results to huge conflicts and misunderstandings because they may feel left out from the issues that affect them. After HurricaneShow MoreRelatedRebuilding After Hurracane Katrina Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesOn August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina brought a death toll in the thousands and millions of dollars in damage. It was a severe storm â€Å"with winds in excess of 150 miles per hour [that] caused 20-foot-high waves to pound the coastlines of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi† (Dass-Brailsford 24). Other than the rescue missions, the city was also concerned with clean up efforts and restoring basic service to residents, which was a huge challenge to the city government. On the other hand, differentRead MoreMeteorology : Hurricanes And Typhoons1071 Words   |  5 PagesMETEOROLOGY: HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS Course Name : Scientific Writing Name : PrudviTeja Ineni Course Section : CSCI 5035.02 Date : 02-26-2015 â€Æ' OUTLINE: 1). INTRODUCTION ----------- What is origin of Katrina HurricaneRead MoreA New System Of The State Of Texas1145 Words   |  5 Pagespopulation of about 37,000 people during the 1900. Being a city on the gulf coast, getting hit by a hurricane was expected. Galveston has been hit with many hurricanes before but one particular hurricane almost wiped out the whole city. On September 8th, 1900, a potent hurricane producing wind up to 120 miles per hour and flooded the city with about 15 feet of water made landfall. The aftermath of the hurricane was horrific, it broke the city down to rubbles and a few thousands of people lost their livesRead MorePost Disaster Response for Hurricane Katrina Government preparation efforts had been in the works1500 Words   |  6 PagesPost Disaster Response for Hurricane Katrina Government preparation efforts had been in the works for years prior to Hurricane Katrina striking the Gulf Coast. In fact a recent as 2004 a hurricane drill was hosted by FEMA simulating a disaster event rivaling that of Hurricane Katrina including the evisceration of the city in also a similar manner. This drill, otherwise known as the â€Å"Hurricane Pam† drill, caused enough of an effect to get additional funding for preventative measures. GovernorRead MoreHurricane Katrin Disasters And Disasters909 Words   |  4 PagesHurricane Katrina Weather disasters come in all different forms, everything from volcanos to earthquakes and tsunamis and hurricanes. All of these are natural disasters and all have their own significant impacts. We have experienced several of these within the past 10 years. Many with great impacts, however as far as hurricanes go, Katrina was one of the five the most dangerous and devastating hurricanes of U.S. history. On August 28, 2005, Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast of the United StatesRead MoreRace And Ethnicity And Race1434 Words   |  6 Pagesthe minorities that are singled out for the problems or benefit of the majority. In the article,† Who Dat?: Race and Its Conspicuous Consumption in Post-Katrina New Orleans,† Marc Perry states how African American citizens were affected by the devastating hurricane Katrina in 2005 and how the citizens reacted before and after hurricane Katrina to the relocation of African Americans to other places for the â€Å"restructuring† of New Orleans (Perry). 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The weak infrastructure and physical characteristics of cities like New Orleans experience a much greater impact than would normally be expected with a category three hurricane. 1,833 people were killed, the majority ofRead MoreLeadership Issues in New Orleans Law Enforcement1425 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Hurricane Katrina was an excellent case study in the divide between society, the government, and the individual as well as the inability for big government and law enforcement to manage crisis. One event factor, only partially controlled by society, was the almost $100 billion and counting effect of Hurricane Katrina on the U.S. Economy. This figure is quite low, when one takes into account not just the repairs and reconstruction for the region, but the interruption of the Gulf oil supply, ruinRead MoreEssay about Devastating Effects Of Katrina1542 Words   |  7 Pagesyear. Hurricane Katrina destroyed the whole New Orleans area as well as many other are as. Today I will talk about the devastating effects of Hurricane Katrina. I will inform you of what organizations provided help to the victims. And also I will talk about what actions are being taken to rebuild the area. Hurricane Katrina did its destruction in late August of 2005. It began as a category 5 and then became a category 3 hurricane. Before

Twelve items selected from my closet for this project....

Twelve items selected from my closet for this project. They were manufactured in China, Vietnam, Pakistan, Turkey, India, and the U.S. Five countries in this list are located in Asia; The U.S, China, and India are three of the six contemporary world powers. For physical locations, both of China and Vietnam located in the East and Southeast Asia; India and Pakistan located in the south Asia; Turkey located in the Middle East, and the U.S located in the North America. Despite I purchased those clothes in the U.S, according to the chart, it is easy to observe that six items were made in China, and two made in Vietnam. This fact reflects that China and Vietnam became significant signs of manufacturing in the world. In addition, the larger†¦show more content†¦Based on the population issue, the Chinese government enforced the birth control policy from the late twentieth century until now, so the total fertility rate of China is lower than the total fertility rate of the U.S. In t he labor market, China plays an important role of the labor export. Large population emerges more workers, so the labors are cheaper in China. After the cold war in the 1990s, the global economic cooperation made the connection between countries was more close and complex. Many international companies invent and possess their core technologies in the U.S or other developed countries, but they found their manufacturing factories in China. They already aimed at the Chinese large cheap labor market could reduce the cost in their entire business. Consequently, people can find different kind of stuff labeled as â€Å"made in China† easily and frequently—it is a good explanation for the fact of half of my clothes were â€Å"made in China†. Many small factories which produce clothes and accessories are located in small towns in southeast of China, especially Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong Provinces. Most of workers in those factories are wide range-age women who from rural areas with lower level education. Their working conditions are depended on the conditions of the factories. Vietnam has the similar situation to China in labors and

UV Exposure Leads To Cancer among Australians †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about theUV Exposure Leads to Cancer among Australians. Answer: Introduction: Sun is a helps in the production of vitamin D in our body, which in coordination with calcium aids in the growth and development of bone and provides strength to the bone. When our skin is exposed to the sunlight, production of vitamin D occurs in the body opined by Fransen et al., (2012). Although sunlight cat as a promoter for the synthesis of vitamin D, the sun also releases ultraviolet radiation. Evidence reveal the fact that overexposure to UV radiation might lead to the development of skin cancer in human beings. According to Chen et al., (2013), sunburn is an indication of damage or mutation in the DNA of the skin cells due to the exposure to the UV radiation. The challenge imposed on finding the way to balance the requirement to protect the skin from the effects caused by the UV rays and the importance of receiving an adequate amount of vitamin D for maintaining a good health caused a public confusion over the last few decades. According the latest report, Australia has been found to be the on the worlds major zone affected by melanoma. This report will focus on the assessment of few internet media communications based on the elevation in the incidence rate of melanoma in Australia, and it also discusses the effectiveness of the communication in addressing this issue. Impact of the Emergency on Public Health: It has been reported that from the last thirty years Australian mortality rate due to skin cancer has increased, and it was identified that more that 2000 Australians die out of skin cancer every year opined by Sinclair, (2013). This is a huge public health concern that needs to be addressed, and awareness of melanoma risks among the public should be developed through various media ("Vitamin D and sun protection getting the balance right - Cancer Council Australia", 2016). Moreover, the protective measure needs to be implemented by the nation's regulatory and legislative body. Certain Internet-based blogs highlighted that this country has slowly evolved from a country of tanned sunbakers to UV savvy sunscreen promoters. However, the promotion of the advantages of vitamin D in order to strengthen muscles and bones led to claims that a huge proportion of the Australian population is deficient in vitamin D. In reality, maximum population of Australia has enough level of vitamin D (Leit er et al., 2014). Figure 1: Public awareness of skin cancer prevalence (Source: www. au.gov) According to a website named as "SunSmart," Australia has the highest accountability of melanoma globally that has been found to affect both females and males. The major dispute lies in the diagnosis process. It has been reported that more than forty thousand fresh skin cancer cases are diagnosed yearly and the year 2013, has experienced the death of 460 skin cancer patients. In another, media release (Cancer Council Australia) new research revealed that almost around two third of the teenage Aussies remain exposed to the harmful effects of the UV radiation during the peak hours of the radiation ("Prevent skin cancer sunburn this summer - SunSmart", 2016). As opined by the Australian government website, low vitamin D has been reported to be linked with elevation in the risk of bowl cancer, cardiac disorders, bone fracture, infections, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid diabetes, and diabetes. Evidence revealed that sensible protection against the sun cannot lead to the risk of vitamin D deficiency (Australia, 2016). Vitamin D can also be obtained through diet. The confusion that has been created about the health benefits and risks of exposure to UV radiation in regards to vitamin D continues in the community and therefore, skin cancer related mortality continues to increase, making it a public health challenge in Australia. Figure 2: Mortality rate in Australia due to melanoma from 2000 to 2012 (Source: www. au.gov) According to the Australian government website the incidence of skin cancer has increased over the time accounting to 151 percent in males whereas, 46 percent of females ranging from 1982 to 2007 (Sinclair, 2013). This also implicates that due to the advancement in the technological aspect over the time, diagnostic methods have become easier and faster. Studies reflect that from the year 2007 to 2020, the expected increased incidence rate related to melanoma is 18 percent in females and 30 percent of males opined by Perera et al., (2015). It has been observed that the melanoma rate in Australian male is two folds more as compared to female. The exact exposure required to expand different skin cancers is not completely comprehensible. It is probable that both episodic and cumulative exposures are vital. The episodic exposures have been shown to more strongly verify the risk of melanoma (Guy et al., 2015). Features of the Communication: As opined by the "Australian government website," there is evidence that reflects that cancer prevalent in young adults has unique biology and therefore, these individuals have distinct clinical, psychological need. According to Sinclair (2013), the most common type of carcinoma diagnosed among this age group was skin cancer. Teenagers or children who were at the risk of developing skin burns on the weekends were traced in the locations which lacked shades such as parks, beaches, and play grounds. That is the reason why the young group of active population is prone to melanoma, and it is increasing over the years. The Cancer Council, Australia states that once the damage occurs or mutation takes place, it cannot be undone or altered. Therefore, it is necessary to have an early diagnosis or precaution to avoid the harmful effects of the UV rays discharged by the sun (Iannacone Green, 2014). In order to reduce the risk of developing melanoma, teenagers need to be encouraged to avoid the peak time of UV emission as a measure to prevent and promote the reduction of mortality rate due to skin cancer opined by Sinclair, (2013). In addition to this, the application of sunscreen, sun-protective clothing and sunglasses were the significant encouragement discussed in this media communication. According to Professor Aranda, melanoma is the most common type of cancer detected among the group involving individuals of age 15 to 29 years (Iannacone Green, 2014). Although, the treatment is mostly expensive in the healthcare system, this type of carcinoma is easily preventable. In order to overcome the complication and understand the pros and cons of sunlight, Cancer Council organization which is completely based on evidence, identified the need for consultation with Australian expert bodies specialized in skin cancer and vitamin D for developing better health recommendations for Australian health. It has been identified that there are several factors that influence the production of vitamin D. The main two factors are skin type and lifestyle opined by Dixon et al., (2014). Various studies have revealed the fact that sun protection becomes vital when the UV levels are 3 or above. Therefore, it can be concluded that every day normal exposure is enough to initiate the production of vitamin D in the body. More exposure, to sunlight, would not increase the level of vitamin D in the body rather would elevate the level of melanoma risk. Moreover, this study encourages using the various application for UV forecasts to increase the level of UV protection among the Australians (Janda et al., 2013). This media integrates with "EFTPOS" announcement of its funding in the next step in order to promote construction of shading in the secondary schools. It was assured by "EFTPOS" that it will be involved in funding in eighteen high schools in addition (Zhang et al., 2012). This will aid in the construction of sun shades on the play grounds of the schools to protect the students from the harmful radiation of UV light. The total funding for this was estimated at dollar 1.25 million (Iannacone Green, 2014). The media communication discusses the provision of funds for making shades in forty-five schools across Australia as a measure of protection for 28,000 children. Additionally, this media communication encourages the process of education to be safe in various climates. As discussed by Cakir (2012), the constant measure taken by "EFTPOS" in reducing the overall effect of UV exposure by the young Australians has been discussed and encouraged through this media communication. Effectiveness of the Media Communication: The various internet websites appeal to all the audience regardless of age, sex, and income or qualification level. The market or promotion strategy involved posters, advertisement or representations in the television and website promotion through other internet site. In addition to this, SunSmart is linked to various primary and secondary schools, health professionals, workplaces and local government. The organization aids in the promotion of public health approaches related to skin cancer by rigorous community-level work which is underpinned by campaigns of the state media. These campaigns in the past have achieved success by promoting messages discussed in the media communication regarding the encouragement in the use various sun protective measures (Stewart Wild, 2016). Once the site get the popularity, the websites communicate with the audience by creating a virtual world of information regarding the awareness and risk related to cancer. Like for example, statistical facts and figures recorded in 2010 reveal that the total cost of the state health system is over dollar five hundred million in order to treat non-melanoma skin cancer proving that skin cancer is the most costly burden on the healthcare system. The main objective of the SunSmart website is to minimize the human expenses of skin cancer in Australia by adopting the role of a leader in order to promote a balance between the pros and cons of UV radiation exposure which is linked with vitamin D ("Prevent skin cancer sunburn this summer - SunSmart", 2016). This website is effective in providing information related to UV radiation and promotes the growth in the risk assessment process of skin cancer in Australia. SunSmart is an organization that influences the community for assessing oneself for identification of the signs and symptoms of skin cancer such as sore, pale patches or waxy translucent bumps. These sites advices the community members to assess themselves regularly and if the patches remains for a long duration, then further diagnosis is required. The Cancer Council website has proved to be effective by reducing the conflict regarding the benefits and harmfulness of the UV radiation that happens to be a vital part of the Australian population. This media communication resolves the conflicts that exist in the minds of the Australian community regarding the exposure and use of UV radiation and biological explanation of vitamin D production in human body opined by Waldmann et al., (2012). Moreover, this website communication encourages the use of UV index provided by the SunSmart in order to understand whether the climate is eligible to move outdoor without a shade. Moreover, the risk factors the sense of awareness among the community especially among the young generation has been the focus of the communication. According to Stewart Wild, (2016), several recommendations have been discussed in order to reduce the risk of skin cancer among the secondary school going children and teenagers by encouragement in the construction of sh ades. The implementation and approaches of funding laid a deep impact on the building of shades in areas prone to UV radiation and which can cause harmful effects to the young Australians (Iannacone Green, 2014). The weakness of the media communication is the avoidance of considering the ethical aspects of the society for promoting the public health awareness in terms of skin cancer through measures. Conclusion: Although sunlight promotes the synthesis of vitamin D, the UV radiation that is generated from the sunlight causes an alteration in the structure of DNA through mutation in the DNA of epidermal cells leading to skin cancer. Statistical analysis shows that Australia is the most affected country in the world in regards to skin cancer. According to a website named as "SunSmart," Australia has the highest accountability of melanoma globally that has been found to affect both females and males. The major dispute lies in the diagnosis process. Evidence reveal the impact of the media communication in the promotion of public health. Thus, it can be concluded that application of the UV index before getting exposed to sunlight, use of various sun protective tools during the day time are essential for reducing the mortality rate among the young generation in Australia. Additionally, the awareness synthesized by the various media should be concretely followed by the community and the government bodies in order to reduce the death rate due to skin cancer in Australia. References: Australia, C. (2016). 3 in 5 Aussie teens exposed to excess UV - Cancer Council Australia. Cancer.org.au. Retrieved 16 September 2016, from https://www.cancer.org.au/news/media-releases/3-in-5-aussie-teens-exposed-to-excess-uv.html Cakir, B. ., Adamson, P., Cingi, C. (2012). Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer.Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America,20(4), 419-422. Chen, A. C., Halliday, G. M., Damian, D. L. (2013). Non-melanoma skin cancer: carcinogenesis and chemoprevention.Pathology,45(3), 331-341. Dixon, H., Warne, C., Scully, M., Dobbinson, S., Wakefield, M. (2014). Agenda-setting effects of sun-related news coverage on public attitudes and beliefs about tanning and skin cancer.Health communication,29(2), 173-181. Fransen, M., Karahalios, A., Sharma, N., English, D. R., Giles, G. G., Sinclair, R. D. (2012). Non-melanoma skin cancer in Australia.Med J Aust,197(10), 565-8. Guy, G. P., Machlin, S. R., Ekwueme, D. U., Yabroff, K. R. (2015). Prevalence and Costs of Skin Cancer Treatment in the US, 2002 2006 and 2007 2011.American journal of preventive medicine,48(2), 183-187. Iannacone, M. R., Green, A. C. (2014). Towards skin cancer prevention and early detection: evolution of skin cancer awareness campaigns in Australia. Janda, M., Youl, P., Marshall, A. L., Soyer, H. P., Baade, P. (2013). The HealthyTexts study: A randomized controlled trial to improve skin cancer prevention behaviors among young people.Contemporary clinical trials,35(1), 159-167. Leiter, U., Eigentler, T., Garbe, C. (2014). Epidemiology of skin cancer. InSunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer(pp. 120-140). Springer New York. Perera, E., Gnaneswaran, N., Staines, C., Win, A. K., Sinclair, R. (2015). Incidence and prevalence of non melanoma skin cancer in Australia: A systematic review.Australasian Journal of Dermatology,56(4), 258-267. Prevent skin cancer sunburn this summer - SunSmart. (2016). Prevent skin cancer sunburn this summer - SunSmart. Retrieved 16 September 2016, from https://www.sunsmart.com.au/ Sinclair, R. (2013). Nonmelanoma skin cancer in Australia.British Journal of Dermatology,168(1), 1-2. Stewart, B., Wild, C. P. (2016). World cancer report 2014.World. Vitamin D and sun protection getting the balance right - Cancer Council Australia. (2016). Cancer.org.au. Retrieved 16 September 2016, from https://www.cancer.org.au/news/blog/prevention/vitamin-d-and-sun-protection-%E2%80%93-getting-the-balance-right.html Waldmann, A., Nolte, S., Weinstock, M. A., Breitbart, E. W., Eisemann, N., Geller, A. C., ... Katalinic, A. (2012). Skin cancer screening participation and impact on melanoma incidence in Germanyan observational study on incidence trends in regions with and without population-based screening.British journal of cancer,106(5), 970-974. Zhang, M., Qureshi, A. A., Geller, A. C., Frazier, L., Hunter, D. J., Han, J. (2012). Use of tanning beds and incidence of skin cancer.Journal of Clinical Oncology,30(14), 1588-1593.

Public Opinion And Deterrence Essays - Penology, Criminology

Public Opinion And Deterrence I would characterize the public opinion on the death penalty as being an uninformed opinion. More people are in favor of the death penalty, now then back a few decades ago. People are not well informed on the statistics of the death penalty, like the number of prisoners, or the racial discrimination etc. I think that if more people were informed that some opinions would be changed. It has been shown that men over women, whites over blacks, and Republicans over Democrats, conservatives over liberals are in favor of the death penalty (Bedau 90). These statistics have been found all through the whole period that the data was collected. It doesn't really seem as though people have formed exact opinions of why they support or oppose the death penalty, its more of just choosing a side and sticking by it. Most peoples attitudes toward capital punishment are basically emotional (95). Some people feel that killing is wrong so they oppose the death penalty. On the other hand people will feel that the only way justice will be served is to punish by death, so retribution seemed to be a big reason why they would support the death penalty, cause people more so someone would seek revenge for a loved one. Peoples opinions are also based on the costs of imprisonment, or what crimes they think should be punishable by death. I don't think everyone really wants people to die though. Polls have shown that when people were faced with the question of either the death penalty or life imprisonment without parole, that support for the death penalty dropped substantially (117). So it would seem that people really don't want an execution they just don't want the criminal to one day have a chance to roam free, or some might be scared that they will do it again if they have a chance to get out. But as long as the prisoner is contained and the people feel safe then the death penalty does not seem to be such a big necessity. Some difficulties in trying to determine what the publics view is on the death penalty are that the questions asked on polls are different. Also they way the questions are phrased are asked differently on different polls and also during different time periods. People aren't very well informed so instead of really forming an opinion there just choosing a side. These make it difficult to determine the view because there are so many flaws in the way its administered and the public is ignorant to many facts dealing with the death penalty. I do not think that the Supreme Court should continue to rely on the public opinion as a way of determining the evolving standards of decency. My reason for this is because the people are like children and the Supreme Court our parents. People look up to the Supreme Court for guidance, answers, and justice. The courts should be the one to set the better example. We don't believe murder is right so the courts should enforce death as a punishment because its hypocritical. If the court abolished the death penalty over time, as the generations changed people would think it was the right thing to do because the highest court felt so and they are suppose to help guide us in the right direction towards justice. Conclusions that I have drawn from this material are that people generally don't really favor the death penalty if there are other alternatives such as life imprisonment without parole. The public just wants to feel safe from harm and no that these people who have killed cant hurt them or loved ones also. Deterrence is the inhibition of criminal behavior especially by punishment. So its believed that if you punish some one it will prevent others from following criminal behavior. The deterrence thereby is that to be effective in preventing crime, criminal sanctions must be severe enough to outweigh the pleasures to be derived from crime, administered with great certainty, administered promptly so there is a clear cause-and-effete connection between the criminal and the punishment of would be offenders and the public is made aware (137). I don't believe that